EMDR is a trauma-focused therapy designed to help people process trauma that remains “stuck” in the nervous system. Through guided bilateral stimulation, such as eye movements or tapping, clients process distresssing experiences in a controlled and structured way. It is commonly used to treat trauma, disturbing thoughts, and deeply encoded negative beliefs about the self. Over time, the emotional intensity of trauma decreases, and distance is created from the negative beliefs.

IFS is based on the idea that the mind is made up of different “parts,” each with its own feelings, roles, and protective intentions. Some parts carry pain from past experiences, while others work hard to protect the person from that pain through strategies like avoidance, perfectionism, or emotional shutdown. IFS helps clients develop a compassionate relationship with these parts rather than fighting or suppressing them. This process can reduce internal conflict, increase self-understanding, and support healing from trauma, shame, and long-standing emotional patterns.

ACT is an action-oriented approach support clients in learning to lessen avoidance and shaming of emotions and, instead, accept that these deeper feelings are appropriate responses to certain situations that may have been out of our control. With this understanding, we can begin to move forward from hardships and self-sabotaging patterns. As a result, clients can make changes to live in alignment with their values, and therefore, live in greater fulfillment.

Somatic Experiencing focuses on how trauma and chronic stress are stored in the body and nervous system. Rather than relying solely on verbal processing, the therapy helps clients notice bodily sensations and gently release patterns of tension or activation that remain from past experiences. The underlying theory is that traumatic stress can disrupt the body’s natural ability to regulate itself. By slowly restoring this regulation, people often experience reduced overwhelm and a greater sense of connection with their bodies.

Attachment Theory explores how early relationships with caregivers shape patterns of connection, safety, and trust in adulthood. When caregivers are consistently responsive, individuals tend to develop secure attachment. When care is inconsistent, distant, or unpredictable, people may develop anxious, avoidant, or disorganized attachment patterns. Understanding these patterns can help explain difficulties in relationships, fears of abandonment, or discomfort with closeness. In therapy, this awareness often helps people develop more secure ways of relating to themselves and others.

Existential therapy is rooted in existential philosophy. It focuses on supporting clients through their own exploration of fundamental human concerns: the search for meaning, the experience of freedom and choice, responsibility for one’s life, the reality of mortality, and the challenge of isolation and authentic relationships. Inherently non-pathologizing, existential therapy seeks to consider a person’s lived experience to discovering what living authentically and consciously for them.

The Gottman Method is a research-based approach to couples therapy that focuses on strengthening communication, trust, and emotional connection. Developed from decades of observational research on relationships, it identifies patterns that predict relationship stability and distress. The method helps 2 or more individuals (including friends!) recognize destructive cycles, improve conflict management, and build positive interactions that support meaningful relationships. Its goal is not to eliminate conflict but to help individuals navigate differences while maintaining respect, empathy, and vulnerability with each other.